The research in this field has been conducted for 15 years in close collaboration with the Department of Pathomorphology of the University Hospital in Zielona Góra. It focuses on applying image recognition and artificial intelligence methods in medical diagnostics. So far, solutions supporting breast cancer diagnosis have been developed, and work is currently underway on systems supporting the diagnosis of breast cancer metastases to lymph nodes, classification of lung cancer, and early detection of side effects in the treatment of head and neck cancer. The developed approaches focus on the segmentation and classification of medical images using deep neural networks and methods from statistical inference. Additionally, we are involved in developing methods for explainable artificial intelligence (XAI), which are crucial in medical applications because they increase their reliability and allow the discovery of previously unknown knowledge.